Convert date to a an arbitrary week definition

Source: R/date2week.R, R/week2date.R

Convert date to a an arbitrary week definition

date2week(
  x,
  week_start = get_week_start(),
  floor_day = factor,
  numeric = FALSE,
  factor = FALSE,
  ...
)

week2date(x, week_start = get_week_start(), floor_day = FALSE)

Arguments

x

a Date, POSIXt, character, or any data that can be easily converted to a date with as.POSIXlt().
week_start

a number indicating the start of the week based on the ISO 8601 standard from 1 to 7 where 1 = Monday OR an abbreviation of the weekdate in an English or current locale. Note: using a non-English locale may render your code non-portable. Defaults to the value of get_week_start()
floor_day

when TRUE, the days will be set to the start of the week.
numeric

if TRUE, only the numeric week be returned. If FALSE (default), the date in the format "YYYY-Www-d" will be returned.
factor

if TRUE, a factor will be returned with levels spanning the range of dates. This should only be used with floor_day = TRUE to produce the sequence of weeks between the first and last date as the factor levels. Currently, floor_date = FALSE will still work, but will produce a message indicating that it is deprecated. Take caution when using this with a large date range as the resulting factor can contain all days between dates.
...

arguments passed to as.POSIXlt(), unused in all other cases.

Value

  • date2week() an aweek object which represents dates in YYYY-Www-d format where YYYY is the year (associated with the week, not necessarily the day), Www is the week number prepended by a "W" that ranges from 01-53 and d is the day of the week from 1 to 7 where 1 represents the first day of the week (as defined by the week_start attribute).

  • week2date() a Date object.

Details

Weeks differ in their start dates depending on context. The ISO 8601 standard specifies that Monday starts the week (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_week_date) while the US CDC uses Sunday as the start of the week (https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nndss/document/MMWR_Week_overview.pdf). For example, MSF has varying start dates depending on country in order to better coordinate response.

While there are packages that provide conversion for ISOweeks and epiweeks, these do not provide seamless conversion from dates to epiweeks with non-standard start dates. This package provides a lightweight utility to be able to convert each day.

Note

date2week() will initially convert the input with as.POSIXlt() and use that to calculate the week. If the user supplies character input, it is expected that the input will be of the format yyyy-mm-dd unless the user explicitly passes the "format" parameter to as.POSIXlt(). If the input is not in yyyy-mm-dd and the format parameter is not passed, date2week() will result in an error.

See also

set_week_start(), as.Date.aweek(), print.aweek(), as.aweek(), get_aweek()

Author

Zhian N. Kamvar

Examples


## Dates to weeks -----------------------------------------------------------

# The same set of days will occur in different weeks depending on the start
# date. Here we can define a week before and after today

print(dat <- as.Date("2018-12-31") + -6:7)

#>  [1] "2018-12-25" "2018-12-26" "2018-12-27" "2018-12-28" "2018-12-29"
#>  [6] "2018-12-30" "2018-12-31" "2019-01-01" "2019-01-02" "2019-01-03"
#> [11] "2019-01-04" "2019-01-05" "2019-01-06" "2019-01-07"

# By default, the weeks are defined as ISO weeks, which start on Monday
print(iso_dat <- date2week(dat))

#> <aweek start: Monday>
#>  [1] "2018-W52-2" "2018-W52-3" "2018-W52-4" "2018-W52-5" "2018-W52-6"
#>  [6] "2018-W52-7" "2019-W01-1" "2019-W01-2" "2019-W01-3" "2019-W01-4"
#> [11] "2019-W01-5" "2019-W01-6" "2019-W01-7" "2019-W02-1"

# This can be changed by setting the global default with set_week_start()

set_week_start("Sunday")

date2week(dat)

#> <aweek start: Sunday>
#>  [1] "2018-W52-3" "2018-W52-4" "2018-W52-5" "2018-W52-6" "2018-W52-7"
#>  [6] "2019-W01-1" "2019-W01-2" "2019-W01-3" "2019-W01-4" "2019-W01-5"
#> [11] "2019-W01-6" "2019-W01-7" "2019-W02-1" "2019-W02-2"

# If you want lubridate-style numeric-only weeks, you need look no further
# than the "numeric" argument
date2week(dat, numeric = TRUE)

#>  [1] 52 52 52 52 52  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  2  2

# To aggregate weeks, you can use `floor_day = TRUE`
date2week(dat, floor_day = TRUE)

#> <aweek start: Sunday>
#>  [1] "2018-W52" "2018-W52" "2018-W52" "2018-W52" "2018-W52" "2019-W01"
#>  [7] "2019-W01" "2019-W01" "2019-W01" "2019-W01" "2019-W01" "2019-W01"
#> [13] "2019-W02" "2019-W02"

# If you want aggregations into factors that include missing weeks, use
# `floor_day = TRUE, factor = TRUE`:
date2week(dat[c(1, 14)], floor_day = TRUE, factor = TRUE)

#> <aweek start: Sunday>
#> [1] 2018-W52 2019-W02
#> Levels: 2018-W52 2019-W01 2019-W02


## Weeks to dates -----------------------------------------------------------

# The aweek class can be converted back to a date with `as.Date()`
as.Date(iso_dat)

#>  [1] "2018-12-25" "2018-12-26" "2018-12-27" "2018-12-28" "2018-12-29"
#>  [6] "2018-12-30" "2018-12-31" "2019-01-01" "2019-01-02" "2019-01-03"
#> [11] "2019-01-04" "2019-01-05" "2019-01-06" "2019-01-07"

# If you don't have an aweek class, you can use week2date(). Note that the
# week_start variable is set by the "aweek.week_start" option, which we will
# set to Monday:

set_week_start("Monday")
week2date("2019-W01-1") # 2018-12-31

#> [1] "2018-12-31"

# This can be overidden by the week_start argument;
week2date("2019-W01-1", week_start = "Sunday") # 2018-12-30

#> [1] "2018-12-30"

# If you want to convert to the first day of the week, you can use the 
# `floor_day` argument
as.Date(iso_dat, floor_day = TRUE)

#>  [1] "2018-12-24" "2018-12-24" "2018-12-24" "2018-12-24" "2018-12-24"
#>  [6] "2018-12-24" "2018-12-31" "2018-12-31" "2018-12-31" "2018-12-31"
#> [11] "2018-12-31" "2018-12-31" "2018-12-31" "2019-01-07"

## The same two week timespan starting on different days --------------------
# ISO week definition: Monday -- 1
date2week(dat, 1)

#> <aweek start: Monday>
#>  [1] "2018-W52-2" "2018-W52-3" "2018-W52-4" "2018-W52-5" "2018-W52-6"
#>  [6] "2018-W52-7" "2019-W01-1" "2019-W01-2" "2019-W01-3" "2019-W01-4"
#> [11] "2019-W01-5" "2019-W01-6" "2019-W01-7" "2019-W02-1"
date2week(dat, "Monday")

#> <aweek start: Monday>
#>  [1] "2018-W52-2" "2018-W52-3" "2018-W52-4" "2018-W52-5" "2018-W52-6"
#>  [6] "2018-W52-7" "2019-W01-1" "2019-W01-2" "2019-W01-3" "2019-W01-4"
#> [11] "2019-W01-5" "2019-W01-6" "2019-W01-7" "2019-W02-1"

# Tuesday -- 2
date2week(dat, 2)

#> <aweek start: Tuesday>
#>  [1] "2018-W52-1" "2018-W52-2" "2018-W52-3" "2018-W52-4" "2018-W52-5"
#>  [6] "2018-W52-6" "2018-W52-7" "2019-W01-1" "2019-W01-2" "2019-W01-3"
#> [11] "2019-W01-4" "2019-W01-5" "2019-W01-6" "2019-W01-7"
date2week(dat, "Tuesday")

#> <aweek start: Tuesday>
#>  [1] "2018-W52-1" "2018-W52-2" "2018-W52-3" "2018-W52-4" "2018-W52-5"
#>  [6] "2018-W52-6" "2018-W52-7" "2019-W01-1" "2019-W01-2" "2019-W01-3"
#> [11] "2019-W01-4" "2019-W01-5" "2019-W01-6" "2019-W01-7"

# Wednesday -- 3
date2week(dat, 3)

#> <aweek start: Wednesday>
#>  [1] "2018-W51-7" "2018-W52-1" "2018-W52-2" "2018-W52-3" "2018-W52-4"
#>  [6] "2018-W52-5" "2018-W52-6" "2018-W52-7" "2019-W01-1" "2019-W01-2"
#> [11] "2019-W01-3" "2019-W01-4" "2019-W01-5" "2019-W01-6"
date2week(dat, "W") # you can use valid abbreviations

#> <aweek start: Wednesday>
#>  [1] "2018-W51-7" "2018-W52-1" "2018-W52-2" "2018-W52-3" "2018-W52-4"
#>  [6] "2018-W52-5" "2018-W52-6" "2018-W52-7" "2019-W01-1" "2019-W01-2"
#> [11] "2019-W01-3" "2019-W01-4" "2019-W01-5" "2019-W01-6"

# Thursday -- 4
date2week(dat, 4)

#> <aweek start: Thursday>
#>  [1] "2018-W51-6" "2018-W51-7" "2018-W52-1" "2018-W52-2" "2018-W52-3"
#>  [6] "2018-W52-4" "2018-W52-5" "2018-W52-6" "2018-W52-7" "2019-W01-1"
#> [11] "2019-W01-2" "2019-W01-3" "2019-W01-4" "2019-W01-5"
date2week(dat, "Thursday")

#> <aweek start: Thursday>
#>  [1] "2018-W51-6" "2018-W51-7" "2018-W52-1" "2018-W52-2" "2018-W52-3"
#>  [6] "2018-W52-4" "2018-W52-5" "2018-W52-6" "2018-W52-7" "2019-W01-1"
#> [11] "2019-W01-2" "2019-W01-3" "2019-W01-4" "2019-W01-5"

# Friday -- 5
date2week(dat, 5)

#> <aweek start: Friday>
#>  [1] "2018-W52-5" "2018-W52-6" "2018-W52-7" "2018-W53-1" "2018-W53-2"
#>  [6] "2018-W53-3" "2018-W53-4" "2018-W53-5" "2018-W53-6" "2018-W53-7"
#> [11] "2019-W01-1" "2019-W01-2" "2019-W01-3" "2019-W01-4"
date2week(dat, "Friday")

#> <aweek start: Friday>
#>  [1] "2018-W52-5" "2018-W52-6" "2018-W52-7" "2018-W53-1" "2018-W53-2"
#>  [6] "2018-W53-3" "2018-W53-4" "2018-W53-5" "2018-W53-6" "2018-W53-7"
#> [11] "2019-W01-1" "2019-W01-2" "2019-W01-3" "2019-W01-4"

# Saturday -- 6
date2week(dat, 6)

#> <aweek start: Saturday>
#>  [1] "2018-W52-4" "2018-W52-5" "2018-W52-6" "2018-W52-7" "2019-W01-1"
#>  [6] "2019-W01-2" "2019-W01-3" "2019-W01-4" "2019-W01-5" "2019-W01-6"
#> [11] "2019-W01-7" "2019-W02-1" "2019-W02-2" "2019-W02-3"
date2week(dat, "Saturday")

#> <aweek start: Saturday>
#>  [1] "2018-W52-4" "2018-W52-5" "2018-W52-6" "2018-W52-7" "2019-W01-1"
#>  [6] "2019-W01-2" "2019-W01-3" "2019-W01-4" "2019-W01-5" "2019-W01-6"
#> [11] "2019-W01-7" "2019-W02-1" "2019-W02-2" "2019-W02-3"

# Epiweek definition: Sunday -- 7 
date2week(dat, 7)

#> <aweek start: Sunday>
#>  [1] "2018-W52-3" "2018-W52-4" "2018-W52-5" "2018-W52-6" "2018-W52-7"
#>  [6] "2019-W01-1" "2019-W01-2" "2019-W01-3" "2019-W01-4" "2019-W01-5"
#> [11] "2019-W01-6" "2019-W01-7" "2019-W02-1" "2019-W02-2"
date2week(dat, "Sunday")

#> <aweek start: Sunday>
#>  [1] "2018-W52-3" "2018-W52-4" "2018-W52-5" "2018-W52-6" "2018-W52-7"
#>  [6] "2019-W01-1" "2019-W01-2" "2019-W01-3" "2019-W01-4" "2019-W01-5"
#> [11] "2019-W01-6" "2019-W01-7" "2019-W02-1" "2019-W02-2"